1 | Kaolinite | 2.0 - 2.5 | White to cream and pale-yellow, also often stained various hues, tans and browns being common. | Translucent, Opaque | Triclinic | 0.087 | |
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2 | Diamond | 10.0 | Colourless, yellowish to yellow, brown, black, blue, green or red, pink, champagne-tan, cognac-brown, lilac (very rare) | Transparent, Translucent, Opaque | Isometric | 0.058 | |
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3 | Hauerite | 4.0 | Reddish-brown/black | Opaque | Isometric | 0.051 | |
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4 | Sepiolite | 2.0 | White, light gray or light yellow. | Translucent, Opaque | Orthorhombic | 0.038 | |
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5 | Sanidine | 6.0 | Colourless, white, grey, yellowish white, or reddish white | Transparent, Translucent | Monoclinic | 0.029 | |
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6 | Sassolite | 1.0 | White to grey, occasionally colourless, yellow or brown. | Transparent | Triclinic | 0.024 | |
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7 | Humboldtine | 1.5 - 2.0 | Yellow to amber-yellow | Transparent, Translucent | Monoclinic | 0.018 | |
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8 | Narsarsukite | 7.0 | Yellow, yellowish-white, grayish-white, honey-yellow, tan, greenish-yellow | Transparent, Translucent | Tetragonal | 0.016 | |
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9 | Petalite | 6.5 | Colourless, white, grey, pink | Transparent, Translucent | Monoclinic | 0.016 | |
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10 | Carnotite | 2.0 | Bright yellow, yellow, greenish yellow | Translucent | Monoclinic | 0.015 | |
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11 | Tilasite | 5.0 | Light gray, violet-gray, pinkish red (LÄngban), olive-green, apple-green (India), colourless or pale green in transmitted light. | Translucent | Monoclinic | 0.015 | |
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12 | Howlite | 3.5 - 6.5 | White, colorless, brown | Transparent | Monoclinic | 0.014 | |
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13 | Thorite | 4.5 | Yellow, yellow-brown, red-brown, green, orange to black | Opaque | Tetragonal | 0.013 | |
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14 | Alunite | 3.5 - 4.0 | white, pale shades of gray, yellow, red, to reddish brown | Transparent, Translucent | Trigonal | 0.013 | |
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15 | Leucite | 5.5 - 6.0 | White, grey | Transparent, Translucent | Tetragonal | 0.012 | |
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16 | Thorianite | 6.5 - 7.0 | Dark grey, brown-black | | Isometric | 0.011 | |
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17 | Gearksutite | 2.0 | white, colourless (including in transmitted light) | | Triclinic | 0.01 | |
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18 | Glauberite | 2.5 - 3.0 | Grey, yellowish, colourless, colourless in transmitted light | Transparent, Translucent | Monoclinic | 0.009 | |
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19 | Microcline | 6.0 - 6.5 | White, grey, greyish yellow, yellowish, tan, salmon-pink, bluish green, green. | Transparent, Translucent | Triclinic | 0.009 | |
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20 | Tremolite | 5.0 - 6.0 | White, brown, colourless, grey, light green, green, light yellow, pink-violet | Transparent, Translucent | Monoclinic | 0.009 | |
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21 | Whewellite | 2.5 - 3.0 | White, yellow, brown, colourless, colourless in transmitted light. | Transparent, Translucent | Monoclinic | 0.009 | |
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22 | Ulexite | 2.5 | Colourless, white, grey with included clays. | Transparent | Triclinic | 0.009 | |
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23 | Beaverite-(Cu) | 3.5 - 4.5 | Yellow | | Trigonal | 0.009 | |
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24 | Wollastonite | 4.5 - 5.0 | White, gray-white, light green, pinkish, brown, red, yellow | Transparent, Translucent | Triclinic | 0.008 | |
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25 | Spodumene | 6.5 - 7.0 | Colourless, yellow, light green, emerald-green, pink to violet, purple, white, gray | Transparent, Translucent | Monoclinic | 0.008 | |
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26 | Talc | 1.0 | Colorless, white, pale green, bright emerald-green to dark green, brown, gray | Transparent, Translucent | Triclinic | 0.008 | |
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27 | Fluoborite | 3.5 | Colourless, violet or white, colourless in transmitted light | Transparent, Translucent | Hexagonal | 0.008 | |
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28 | Sillimanite | 6.5 - 7.5 | Colorless, white, yellow, brown, green, gray. | Transparent, Translucent | Orthorhombic | 0.008 | |
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29 | Turquoise | 5.0 - 6.0 | bright blue, sky-blue, pale green, blue-green, turquoise-blue, apple-green, green-gray | Transparent, Translucent, Opaque | Triclinic | 0.007 | |
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30 | Anorthite | 6.0 - 6.5 | Colourless, reddish grey, white | Transparent, Translucent | Triclinic | 0.007 | |
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31 | Pentlandite | 3.5 - 4.0 | Pale bronze-yellow, bronze, brown, reddish brown when argentian | Opaque | Isometric | 0.006 | |
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32 | Thortveitite | 6.0 - 7.0 | Greyish-green, black, grey, blue, yellow, brown | Translucent, Opaque | Monoclinic | 0.006 | |
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33 | Hydrocerussite | 3.5 | White or grey, colourless in transmitted light | Transparent, Translucent | Trigonal | 0.006 | |
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34 | Corundum | 9.0 | Colourless, blue, red, pink, yellow, grey, golden-brown | Transparent, Translucent, Opaque | Trigonal | 0.006 | |
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35 | Berthierite | 2.0 - 3.0 | Dark steel-grey, often with iridescent tarnish. | Opaque | Orthorhombic | 0.006 | |
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36 | Henmilite | 1.5 - 2.0 | | | Triclinic | 0.005 | |
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37 | Bikitaite | 6.0 | Colorless, White | Transparent, Translucent | Triclinic | 0.005 | |
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38 | Chromite | 5.5 | Black | Translucent, Opaque | Isometric | 0.005 | |
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39 | Pyroaurite | 2.5 | Yellow to brownish-white, white, gray, silver-white, greenish or colourless | Transparent | Trigonal | 0.004 | |
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40 | Montebrasite | 5.5 - 6.0 | White, colorless, gray white, very pale brown, pale pink, pale yellow | Transparent, Translucent | Triclinic | 0.004 | |
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41 | Beryl | 7.5 - 8.0 | Colorless, green, blue, yellow, white, pink, etc. | | Hexagonal | 0.004 | |
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42 | Famatinite | 3.0 - 4.0 | Deep pinkish brown | Opaque | Tetragonal | 0.004 | |
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43 | Tacharanite | 5.0 | White | Translucent | Monoclinic | 0.004 | |
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44 | Franklinite | 5.5 - 6.0 | Black | Opaque | Isometric | 0.004 | |
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45 | Probertite | 3.5 | Colourless, colourless in transmitted light | Transparent | Monoclinic | 0.004 | |
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46 | Orthoclase | 6.0 | Colorless to white, Greenish white, Grayish yellow, Pale pink | Transparent, Translucent | Monoclinic | 0.004 | |
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47 | Gold | 2.5 - 3.0 | Rich yellow, paling to whitish-yellow with increasing silver, blue & green in transmitted light (only thinnest folia [gold leaf]) | Opaque | Isometric | 0.004 | |
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48 | Marialite | 5.5 - 6.0 | Bluish, Brownish, Colorless, Violet, Greenish | Transparent, Translucent | Tetragonal | 0.004 | |
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49 | Nontronite | 1.5 - 2.0 | Green, olive-green, yellow-green, yellow, orange, brown | | Monoclinic | 0.003 | |
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50 | Rhodonite | 5.5 - 6.5 | Red, pink, brownish-red, gray. | Transparent, Translucent | Triclinic | 0.003 | |
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51 | Lafossaite | 3.0 - 4.0 | Grey-brown | | | 0.003 | |
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52 | Thaumasite | 3.5 | Colourless, white | Transparent, Translucent | Hexagonal | 0.003 | |
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53 | Molybdite | 3.0 - 4.0 | colorless, light greenish yellow, also pale blue | Transparent, Translucent | Orthorhombic | 0.003 | |
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54 | Columbite-(Fe) | 6.0 | Black to brownish black | Opaque | Orthorhombic | 0.003 | |
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55 | Lizardite | 2.0 | | | | 0.003 | |
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56 | Hanksite | 3.0 - 3.5 | Colourless to grey, yellow or almost black, colourless in transmitted light. | Transparent, Translucent | Hexagonal | 0.003 | |
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57 | Graphite | 1.0 - 2.0 | Iron black to steel-grey | Opaque | Hexagonal | 0.003 | |
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58 | Monazite-(Ce) | 5.0 - 5.5 | Commonly reddish brown to brown, shades of green to brown, yellow brown, rarely nearly white, yellow, colourless in transmitted light. | Translucent | Monoclinic | 0.003 | |
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59 | Leucophanite | 4.0 | Pale yellow, greenish white, yellowish green, colourless | Transparent, Translucent | Orthorhombic | 0.003 | |
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60 | Lazurite | 5.0 - 5.5 | ultramarine, midnight blue, bluish green, green | Opaque | Isometric | 0.003 | |
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61 | Greenockite | 3.0 - 3.5 | Yellow to red. | Translucent | Hexagonal | 0.003 | |
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62 | Muscovite | 2.5 | White to colorless, silvery-white, and tinged various colors by impurities. | Transparent, Translucent | Monoclinic | 0.003 | |
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63 | Iron | 4.5 | Iron-black | Opaque | Isometric | 0.003 | |
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64 | Ardennite-(As) | 6.0 - 7.0 | Yellow to Brown | Opaque | Orthorhombic | 0.003 | |
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65 | Becquerelite | 2.5 | Amber-yellow, golden to lemon-yellow, yellow-orange, brownish yellow, yellow in transmitted light | Transparent | Orthorhombic | 0.002 | |
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66 | Eucryptite | 6.5 | Colorless, white, pale tan, pale gray. | Transparent, Translucent | Trigonal | 0.002 | |
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67 | Ewaldite | 1.0 | Bluish green, pale greenish gray | Translucent | Hexagonal | 0.002 | |
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68 | Forsterite | 7.0 | Green, pale yellow or white. | Transparent, Translucent | Orthorhombic | 0.002 | |
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69 | Fluorophlogopite | 2.0 - 3.0 | Pale yellow | | | 0.002 | |
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70 | Brucite | 2.5 - 3.0 | White, light greenish, grayish, bluish, honey-yellow, brownish red deep brown (manganoan varieties) | Transparent, Translucent | Trigonal | 0.002 | |
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71 | Magnesite | 3.5 - 4.5 | Colourless, white, greyish-white, yellowish, brown, faintly pink, lilac-rose, colourless in transmitted light. | Transparent, Translucent | Trigonal | 0.002 | |
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72 | Miserite | 5.5 - 6.0 | Pink | Translucent | Triclinic | 0.002 | |
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73 | Arfvedsonite | 5.0 - 6.0 | Bluish-black to black. | Translucent, Opaque | Monoclinic | 0.002 | |
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74 | Safflorite | 4.5 - 5.0 | Tin-white, tarnishing to dark grey | Opaque | Orthorhombic | 0.002 | |
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75 | Weloganite | 3.5 | Light yellow, amber-yellow, white | Translucent | Triclinic | 0.002 | |
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76 | Cookeite | 2.5 - 3.5 | White, yellowish green, pink, brown | Translucent | Monoclinic | 0.002 | |
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77 | Saponite | 1.5 - 2.0 | White, gray-green, bluish, yellow | | Monoclinic | 0.002 | |
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78 | Copiapite | 2.5 - 3.0 | Crystals: sulfur-yellow to orange, massive material: greenish-yellow to olive-green. | Transparent, Translucent, Opaque | Triclinic | 0.002 | |
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79 | Stilpnomelane | 3.0 - 4.0 | Red, brown, black, dark green, dark reddish brown, golden brown | Translucent | Triclinic | 0.002 | |
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80 | Vonsenite | 5.0 | Black, greenish black | Opaque | Orthorhombic | 0.002 | |
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81 | Antigorite | 3.5 - 4.0 | green, green-blue, white, brown, black | Transparent | Monoclinic | 0.002 | |
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82 | Parisite-(Ce) | 4.5 | Brown, brownish-yellow, waxy yellow, gray-yellow, colourless to yellow in transmitted light. | Transparent, Translucent | Monoclinic | 0.002 | |
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83 | Gageite | 3.0 | Usually brownish purple, brown, pinkish brown, light pink, light brown, also colorless in small crystals | Transparent, Translucent | Monoclinic | 0.002 | |
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84 | Fairfieldite | 3.5 | White, greenish white, light amber, salmon-yellow, colourless in transmitted light. | Transparent, Translucent | Triclinic | 0.002 | |
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85 | Marshallsussmanite | 3.0 | Light pink to deep pink, orange-pink | | | 0.002 | |
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86 | Baddeleyite | 6.5 | Colourless to yellow, green, greenish or reddish brown, brown, iron-black, colourless to brown in transmitted light | Transparent | Monoclinic | 0.002 | |
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87 | Plumbojarosite | 1.5 - 2.0 | Golden-brown to dark-brown, dark brown-red, blackish | Translucent, Opaque | Trigonal | 0.002 | |
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88 | Artinite | 2.5 | White, colourless in transmitted light. | Transparent | Monoclinic | 0.002 | |
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89 | Hydrozincite | 2.0 - 2.5 | White to grey, stained pale pink, or pale yellow or brown, colourless in transmitted light. | Transparent, Translucent | Monoclinic | 0.002 | |
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90 | Zinkenite | 3.0 - 3.5 | Steel-grey | Opaque | Hexagonal | 0.002 | |
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91 | Gypsum | 2.0 | Colourless to white, often tinged other hues due to impurities, colourless in transmitted light.. | Transparent, Translucent, Opaque | Monoclinic | 0.002 | |
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92 | Spinel | 7.5 - 8.0 | Black, blue, red, violet, green, brown, pink | Transparent, Translucent | Isometric | 0.002 | |
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93 | Cristobalite | 6.0 - 7.0 | Colorless, white, also blue grey, brown, grey, yellow | Transparent, Translucent | Tetragonal | 0.002 | |
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94 | Tetrawickmanite | 3.5 - 4.5 | Honey-yellow, brown-orange | Transparent, Translucent | Tetragonal | 0.002 | |
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95 | Topaz | 8.0 | Colourless, white, pale blue, light green, yellow, yellowish brown, or red | Transparent, Translucent | Orthorhombic | 0.002 | |
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96 | Cosalite | 2.5 - 3.0 | Grey | Opaque | Orthorhombic | 0.002 | |
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97 | Albite | 6.0 - 6.5 | White to grey, bluish, greenish, reddish | Transparent, Translucent | Triclinic | 0.002 | |
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98 | Diaspore | 6.5 - 7.0 | white, brown, colourless, pale yellow, greyish, greenish grey, lilac, pinkish | Transparent, Translucent | Orthorhombic | 0.002 | |
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99 | Mellite | 2.0 - 2.5 | Honey to wax yellow, brown to reddish, gray, seldom white, colourless to pale yellow in transmitted light. | Transparent, Translucent | Tetragonal | 0.002 | |
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100 | Hedyphane | 4.0 - 5.0 | White, yellowish white, buff, bluish, colourless in transmitted light. | | Hexagonal | 0.002 | |
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